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Andrew Pollack-Gray

Nursing Notes

Range-of-Motion Exercises

2 min read

When & Why?

Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises move joints through their available range to maintain flexibility and function.

  • Maintain joint mobility.
  • Help prevent stiffness and contractures.
  • Support functional independence.

Types

  • Active ROM (AROM): Resident moves the joint independently.
  • Active-Assisted ROM (AAROM): Resident participates with additional assistance.
  • Passive ROM (PROM): Caregiver moves the joint without active movement from the resident.

Before You Start

  • Review the care plan for prescribed movements and restrictions.
  • Check for pain, recent injury, surgery, or joint limitations.
  • Explain the exercises and obtain permission.
  • Position the resident comfortably.
  • Provide adequate support for the joint and limb.

Steps

  1. Explain which joint will be moved.
  2. Position and support the limb appropriately.
  3. Encourage active participation when possible.
  4. Move the joint slowly and smoothly through the prescribed range.
  5. Avoid forcing movement beyond resistance or comfort.
  6. Repeat according to the care plan.
  7. Return the limb to a comfortable, supported position.
  8. Report pain, stiffness, or changes in movement.

Safety & Observations

  • Never force a joint beyond its available range.
  • Stop if the resident experiences pain.
  • Support the joint and limb throughout movement.
  • Follow fracture, surgical, neurological, and weight-bearing precautions.
  • Watch for swelling, muscle spasms, or unusual resistance.
  • Do not perform unapproved exercises.

What Should I Remember?

  • Slow, supported, and pain-free.
  • Encourage active movement whenever appropriate.
  • ROM should be individualized, not forced.
  • Report changes in mobility or tolerance.

Practice

  • Studied
  • Observed
  • Practiced
  • Passed checkoff

Sources

  • CNA Module 14 — Range-of-Motion Exercises
  • Facility ROM procedure and care plan

Flashcards

What should you never do during range-of-motion movement?03-application / clinical-skills
Answer

Force a joint past resistance or cause pain.

Why is joint alignment important during ROM?03-application / clinical-skills
Answer

To avoid injury while supporting mobility.

Graph View

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